However with recent improvements in battery technology and power electronics electric cars have made a strong comeback we will compare these totally different technology scientifically and come to understand which is superior. And I see and it is the prime mover in petrol cars. The fuel supply to the engine produces combustion and enough pressure and temperature energy to move the pistons. The linear motion of the piston is transferred to rotary motion using a slider crank mechanism. A transmission is used to transfer this rotation to the drive wheels. In an electric car the power source is from a battery pack it inverter converts the DC battery power into 3 phase AC.
The 3 phase AC can turn induction motor which will thus turned the drive wheel. Now let us directly compare these technologies in an IC engine the force and power production is never uniform the reciprocating components cause substantial mechanical balancing issues in addition the engine is not self started many accessories are needed to sort out these issues which makes an IC engine quite heavy. Such issues are not there in an electric motor the induction motors work with the help of a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator. You can easily control motor speed by adjusting the frequency of the AC power input the produce uniform power and speed output enter self started for these reasons and induction motor is much lighter than an IC engine and at the same time produces much greater power and torque output. It is interesting to note that both the IC engine and induction motor require cooling both the prime movers must reject the waste heat generated in order to keep the temperature within a certain limit however it is worth noting that the waste heat generated by an induction motor is much lower than that of an IC engine. The main advantage of an IC engine car is the ease with which it can be revealed a petrol car could be revealed in 5 minutes or less however recharging electric cars could take at least one hour as of this present moment. Another major advantage of petrol cars over electric cars pertains to their high energy density the energy density of current lithium ion battery is nowhere near to that of the gasoline both these cars produce comparable travel rages you could just compare the size and weight of their energy storage devices the poor energy density of the battery produces a huge weight penalty to the electric car.
The huge weight of the car reduces the coefficient of friction between the tire and road considerably making cornering difficult. The battery pack also has huge heat generation issues if you tear down the battery pack of an electric car you will see that the battery pack is a collection of common lithium ion cells that you might use in your daily life continuous liquid cooling is required to keep battery temperatures at normal levels the removed heat is rejected to the atmosphere via a radiator. A petrol cars energy storage part does not require any such cooling mechanism the battery pack of electric cars does have advantages as well because the heavy battery pack is sitting very low to the ground it lowers the center of gravity it increases car stability thus overall safety is increased. The large battery pack is also spread across the floor offering structural rigidity against side collisions. Another primary difference visible from these visuals is that in an IC engine car a complex exhaust gas treatment is needed to keep pollutants and noise that statutory levels. Now let's compare the power dynamics of these 2 technologies. Electric cars are the clear winner here I see engines cannot be operated beyond a certain speed range this necessitates the use of a complex and costly transmission mechanism for speed control. The motor can work efficiently in a wide speed range so in an electric car speed can be controlled directly from the motor as a result of speed varying transmission is not required for an electric car. Induction motor speed is accurately controlled by the inverter simply by adjusting the output power frequency in fact improvements made in the last decade to the software behind inverter power electronics played a key role in the revival of electric cars.
The electric car can produce great torque even at the start where as an IC engine car will struggle at low RPM a DC motor is thus needed to take the engine to the optimum RPM range at the start moreover the torque and power of an electric motor can be controlled instantaneously while the IC engines have a low response this in effect leads to far superior traction controls in electric cars. Electric cars have inherent advantages when it comes to regenerative braking the same induction motor acts as a generator here in a petrol car in order to achieve regenerative braking you must install a separate BLDC motor and a battery pack. Before concluding the video let's solve the big question which car is more economical an electric car is much costlier than an average petrol car however to get the full picture you must also compare the cost required to travel a mile the calculation based on current U. S. gasoline and electricity prices shows that electric cars are at least one third cheaper compared to petrol cars moreover the maintenance cost of electric cars is also low when compared to IC engined cars.
As you might already be aware electric cars are much safer than internal combustion cars with technological advancements in internal combustion engines almost saturated and rapid development of electric cars taking place one can clearly see how electric cars have an edge over IC engine cars as the cars of the future.
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